C\u1ecf linh chi, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 linh chi th\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y bao t\u1eed l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 “linh chi” c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eefa \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc Polyspora axillaris (syn. Schima wallichii), c\u1ecf linh chi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc c\u1ecf truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng. Trong y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n gian, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd t\u00ednh m\u00e1t, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng nh\u1eb9, mang l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au v\u00e0 thanh nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u1ecf linh chi (c\u1ecf linh chi th\u1ea3o), t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 sinh th\u00e1i, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ecf linh chi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p d\u00e2n gian ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ecf linh chi thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Tr\u00e0 (Theaceae), l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y b\u1ee5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi, ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea9m ven r\u1eebng. C\u00e2y c\u1ecf chi\u1ec1u cao trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 2-10m, th\u00e2n c\u00e2y m\u1ea3nh mai, v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0u n\u00e2u x\u00e1m, x\u00f9 x\u00ec nh\u1eb9 v\u1edbi v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t d\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng, gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eadp \u00fang nh\u1eb9 (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 20-30% th\u1eddi gian), h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e2y c\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e1 c\u1ecf linh chi \u0111\u01a1n, m\u1ecdc so le, h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c thu\u00f4n d\u00e0i, d\u00e0i 5-12cm, r\u1ed9ng 3-6cm, m\u00e9p l\u00e1 h\u01a1i c\u1ecf r\u0103ng c\u01b0a, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean xanh \u0111\u1eadm b\u00f3ng v\u1edbi g\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t; l\u00e1 d\u00e0i, d\u00e0y, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y quang h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m cao. Hoa nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c kem, m\u1ecdc \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 1-2cm, n\u1edf theo chu k\u1ef3 m\u00f9a m\u01b0a (th\u00e1ng 5-8), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n b\u1edfi c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00f3. Qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 1-2cm, khi ch\u00edn c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf (th\u00e1ng 10-12), ch\u1ee9a h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c gi\u00f3 gi\u00fap c\u00e2y lan t\u1ecfa ven r\u1eebng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, l\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n ch\u1ee9a tanin, flavonoid, saponin v\u00e0 axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1; v\u1ecf gi\u00e0u polysaccharide v\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam. c\u1ecf linh chi \u01b0a \u1ea9m, nhu c\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc cao, \u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t (\u0111\u1ed9 pH 5.5-6.5), t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trung b\u00ecnh (0.3-0.5m\/n\u0103m), v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed3i, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng 500-1.000 c\u00e2y\/ha cho v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ecf linh chi (Polyspora axillaris) c\u1ecf ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, L\u00e0o, Campuchia v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00fai v\u00e0 trung du nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi t\u1eeb B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 (L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, Cao B\u1eb1ng) \u0111\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 (\u0110\u1ed3ng Nai, L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng), v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf r\u1eebng th\u01b0\u1eddng xanh \u1ea9m ven su\u1ed1i \u2013 n\u01a1i chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 60-70% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch hoang d\u00e3 qu\u1ed1c gia (kho\u1ea3ng 5.000-8.000 ha). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y hoang d\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n \u1edf v\u00f9ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a, tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t feralit \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 sa c\u1ecf, v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1.500-2.500mm\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
c\u1ecf linh chi th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc xen l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 tr\u00e0 d\u00e2y, ho\u00e0ng li\u00ean, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111a t\u1ea7ng trong r\u1eebng th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 1.000m). Ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, ch\u1ecbu b\u00f3ng r\u00e2m 40-60%, nh\u01b0ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi suy gi\u1ea3m do ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ecf linh chi mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng nh\u1edd d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf. L\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n kh\u00f4 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m tr\u00e0 th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c ch\u1eefa \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, gi\u00e1 100.000-200.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng\/kg, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ASEAN. G\u1ed7 th\u00e2n nh\u1ecf d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u1ee7i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng d\u00e2n gian, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e1 2-3 l\u1ea7n\/n\u0103m, c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u, mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn 10-20 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong y h\u1ecdc c\u1ecf truy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ecf linh chi c\u1ecf t\u00ednh m\u00e1t, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng nh\u1eb9, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam, gi\u1ea3m \u0111au, thanh nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, ch\u1ed1ng lo\u00e9t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y h\u01a1i, kh\u00f3 ti\u00eau, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e1, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 r\u1ec5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t l\u00e1 c\u1ecf ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, kh\u00e1ng n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf vi khu\u1ea9n (H. pylori g\u00e2y lo\u00e9t d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y), h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y \u1edf li\u1ec1u cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ecf linh chi \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi: th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 nh\u1ecf c\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ed1ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n ven su\u1ed1i (gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n 30-40%), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 CO2 (kho\u1ea3ng 5-8 t\u1ea5n\/ha\/n\u0103m) ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean; l\u00e1 r\u1ee5ng gi\u00e0u h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai, c\u1ecf linh chi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111ang suy gi\u1ea3m 15-25% th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng v\u01b0\u1eddn d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf, nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ngu\u1ed3n gen qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u1ecf linh chi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 b\u00e1u v\u1eadt d\u00e2n gian c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111a chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ch\u1eefa \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn sinh th\u00e1i. L\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u “thanh nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c”, lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a m\u00e0 c\u00f2n duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng r\u1eebng. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ecf linh chi trong v\u01b0\u1eddn nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00e0 th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u00f9ng c\u1ecf linh chi ch\u1eefa \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y ch\u01b0a? Chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi! Theo d\u00f5i website \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y xanh H\u00f2a An.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u1ecf linh chi, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 linh chi th\u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y bao t\u1eed l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 “linh chi” c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1eefa \u0111au d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3? T\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc Polyspora axillaris (syn. Schima wallichii), c\u1ecf linh chi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":187,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,23],"tags":[55],"class_list":["post-186","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-san-pham","category-tham-co","tag-co-linh-chui"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=186"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":188,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/186\/revisions\/188"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/187"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=186"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=186"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}