C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng \u2013 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u1edbi hoa \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 may m\u1eafn v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng? C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y chi\u1ebfc ho\u1eb7c tam lang (t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Barringtonia acutangula Gaertn.), c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t ven s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n gian, kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 phong th\u1ee7y Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng, t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 sinh th\u00e1i, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd Lecythidaceae (h\u1ecd C\u1ea9m qu\u1ef3), l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 l\u00e2u n\u0103m, ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh r\u1eadm r\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc ven s\u00f4ng. C\u00e2y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao trung b\u00ecnh t\u1eeb 8-15m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 20m \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh th\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 30-50cm. Th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i cong, v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i x\u00f9 x\u00ec m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111en v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u u b\u01b0\u1edbu v\u00e0 n\u1ed1t s\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eadp \u00fang v\u00e0 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 50-70% th\u1eddi gian), h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb b\u00f9n l\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e1 c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n, m\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trung \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, h\u00ecnh elip ho\u1eb7c thu\u00f4n d\u00e0i, d\u00e0i 10-20cm, r\u1ed9ng 5-10cm, m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean xanh b\u00f3ng v\u1edbi g\u00e2n n\u1ed5i r\u00f5, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi xanh tr\u1eafng ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp l\u00f4ng m\u1ecbn t\u1ea1o v\u1ebb l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh. L\u00e1 dai, d\u00e0y, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt. Hoa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt: m\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9m l\u1edbn (corymb) \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh ch\u00f9m 10-15cm, m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u1edbi 4-5 c\u00e1nh hoa l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecb hoa tr\u1eafng d\u00e0i 2-3cm t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh “b\u00f4ng g\u00f2n” \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1eaft; hoa n\u1edf quanh n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 (th\u00e1ng 5-8), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n b\u1edfi c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 d\u01a1i. Qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u d\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh thoi, d\u00e0i 5-8cm, r\u1ed9ng 3-5cm, m\u00e0u xanh khi non chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u00e2u khi ch\u00edn (th\u00e1ng 10-12), ch\u1ee9a 1-3 h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn b\u00ean trong, ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap c\u00e2y lan t\u1ecfa ven s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, v\u1ecf c\u00e2y ch\u1ee9a tannin cao (15-25%), c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic v\u00e0 saponin; h\u1ea1t gi\u00e0u d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 protein. C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng ch\u1ecbu ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1eb7n nh\u1eb9 (5-15\u2030), \u01b0a n\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trung b\u00ecnh (0.5-1m\/n\u0103m), v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed3i g\u1ed1c, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng 1.000-2.000 c\u00e2y\/ha \u1edf v\u00f9ng ven s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng (Barringtonia acutangula) c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ch\u00e2u \u00c1, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 (Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Th\u00e1i Lan, L\u00e0o, Campuchia), \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00dac. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ven s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y v\u00e0 r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 (s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, s\u00f4ng \u0110u\u1ed1ng) \u0111\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9 (\u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long nh\u01b0 C\u00e0 Mau, Tr\u00e0 Vinh), v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam \u2013 kho\u1ea3ng 20.000-30.000 ha. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf v\u00f9ng ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3, tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f9n s\u00e9t pha c\u00e1t, ch\u1ecbu th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u v\u00e0 l\u0169 l\u1ee5t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ecdc xen l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 d\u1eeba n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u00fa v\u00e0 b\u1ea7n, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111a t\u1ea7ng ven s\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u1edf kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi gi\u00f3 m\u00f9a v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a 1.500-2.500mm\/n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi suy gi\u1ea3m do \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf cao nh\u1edd g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1ec5 khai th\u00e1c. G\u1ed7 c\u00e2y c\u1ee9ng, b\u1ec1n (m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 0.6-0.8 g\/cm\u00b3), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u1ee7i \u0111\u1ed1t, than c\u1ee7i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u1ed9t nh\u00e0, d\u1ea7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7. \u1ede mi\u1ec1n Nam, g\u1ed7 c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ven s\u00f4ng, t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ecf c\u00e2y ch\u1ee9a tannin d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o (15-25%), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c da v\u00e0 nhu\u1ed9m v\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf). Hoa v\u00e0 l\u00e1 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb phong th\u1ee7y (t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho “l\u1ed9c” may m\u1eafn), c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 du l\u1ecbch sinh th\u00e1i, mang l\u1ea1i thu nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb b\u00e1n gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 50-100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha\/n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n gian Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c qu\u00fd nh\u1edd t\u00ednh h\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t, kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 tannin phong ph\u00fa. Theo \u0110\u00f4ng y, r\u1ec5 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng, t\u00ednh m\u00e1t, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng thanh nhi\u1ec7t, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c; h\u1ea1t th\u01a1m, d\u00f9ng ch\u1eefa ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb v\u1ecf v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, kh\u00e1ng n\u1ea5m v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf vi khu\u1ea9n (nh\u01b0 Salmonella), h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 k\u00edch \u1ee9ng da \u1edf li\u1ec1u cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ven s\u00f4ng: t\u00e1n l\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng ch\u1eafn s\u00f3ng, c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00f9n \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng x\u00f3i m\u00f2n b\u1edd s\u00f4ng (gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n 40-60%), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 CO2 (kho\u1ea3ng 8-12 t\u1ea5n\/ha\/n\u0103m) ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1 t\u00f4m, chim di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n; hoa \u0111\u1ecf thu h\u00fat ong m\u1eadt, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, r\u1eebng c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn hecta \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi l\u0169 l\u1ee5t v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp m\u1eb7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111ang suy gi\u1ea3m 15-25% th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gieo h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e0n che \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh theo ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 b\u00e1u v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ven s\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111a chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb y h\u1ecdc, kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn phong th\u1ee7y. L\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “l\u1ed9c” may m\u1eafn, lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edd s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng ho\u1eb7c tham gia b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i C\u00e0 Mau \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y hoa \u0111\u1ecf r\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng ven s\u00f4ng ch\u01b0a? Chia s\u1ebb kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e2y xanh H\u00f2a An.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng \u2013 lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y th\u00e2n g\u1ed7 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u1edbi hoa \u0111\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho s\u1ef1 may m\u1eafn v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng? C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y chi\u1ebfc ho\u1eb7c tam lang (t\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc: Barringtonia acutangula Gaertn.), c\u00e2y l\u1ed9c v\u1eebng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t ven s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":145,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,26],"tags":[37],"class_list":["post-142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cay-bong-mat","category-dich-vu-trong-cham-soc-cay","tag-cay-loc-vung"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=142"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":143,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/142\/revisions\/143"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cayxanhhoaan.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}